The Slavs free essay sample

When the term â€Å"Slav† is mentioned, the first people to come to mind are the Russians. We know them by their unique script of writing, vodka, and are the most populated of all of the ethnic tribes that populated the mountains, rivers, and plains of Eastern Europe. Although a quintessential people of this continent, they differ greatly from many of their brothers and sisters of the same bloodline that also live south and west of them. Russians, along with their neighboring cousins to the south, east, and west are divided dramatically by religion, language, and geographical landforms from the South Slavs and West Slavs. Religion is a key in the great divide in the Slavic peoples. Before Christianity each Slavic tribe had their own set of pagan gods, with the most common one being Svetovid, the god of war. Many of the Slavic tribes and cantons will not adopt Christianity until the 9th Century AD, and they would not be united by one single Christian Church. We will write a custom essay sample on The Slavs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When the Great Schism occurred in 1054, the church would be spilt into the two main fragments, creating a byproduct of two branches of Christianity we know of today, Catholicism and Orthodoxy. While the Western Slavic peoples like the Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Sorbs, Moravians, Silesians, Kaszubians, Croats, and Slovenes were under the sphere of influence of the Pope and Catholic Rome, the Russian, Ukrainians, Rusyns, Belarusians, Bulgarians, Serbs, Macedonians, and Montenegrins gravitated to the Patriarch of then Orthodox Constantinople. Although these two are the main Christian religions present, Islam is also common in some Slavs. The Bosniaks, Gorani, Pomaks, and Torbesh peoples are all Muslims. Since the battle of Kosovo Polje in 1389, The Ottoman Turks had occupied the Balkans until the 20th Century. Some of the local populations like the Bosniaks and Albanians had welcomed the Turks and converted to their conquerors religion and remained. Others like the Serbs and Croats, resisted the occupation and as a result, were persecuted, heavily taxed, and even executed by their new rulers. Today, many of the Bosniaks and other ethnic groups still practice the most common branch of Islam as Sunnis. This evidence of Ottoman occupation can still be noticed today in Sarajevo, Srebrenica, and the rest of modern Bosnia-Herzegovina. Script and language is also a factor in the varieties of Slavic cultures. In the 9th century AD, a Greek monk from the Byzantine Empire by the name of Saint Cyril evangelizes the word of Jesus to the rest of Eastern Europe. He translates the Greek script into a similar writing system specifically used for the early Slavonic Christian Church. Cyril and other monks travel through many southern and eastern Slavic kingdoms to spread the word of God and the new writing system which will be modestly named after the monk, Cyrillic. Today, the majority of Slavic countries that practice Orthodox Christianity will use Cyrillic as their main script in parallel to their religion. Even though this writing system was popular among Orthodox Slavs, Western Slavs paid their devout attention to Rome. Western Slavs had seen not Constantinople, but Rome as the center of Christianity. The Roman Catholic Church instead used Latin as the main language of the Church and used the traditional Latin alphabet. Perhaps cultural centrism, the West Slavs may have sought to use Latin because Rome was the first civilization to adopt Christianity and was the home of Pope and the Holy See. To accommodate their languages like their Eastern cousins, most ethnic groups had to incorporate special vowels and consonants. Although many West Slavs have individual variations in each of their alphabets, many vowels and consonants perform the same exact functions (1). As for Muslim Slavs, It had been optional for years to use the Cyrillic and Latin scripts. Arabic script was prevalent but eventually died out in favor of the other two popular systems. For literacy purposes and religious ceremonies, a Bosniak variation of Arabic is implemented, but is not typically used for everyday communication. Like Kabary, some Slavic language like Polish and Russian last a while in conversation to finish in order asking a simple question (2). Finally, geographical landforms play a large role in different cultures. Rivers and mountains are a catalyst for why Slavs have come in different hues and sizes for the past 2000 years. For example the Danube River has served as definitive border between the Poles, Czech, Sorbs and Slovaks to the north and west and the Croats, Slovenes, Serbs, and Bosniaks south of them. Characteristically, the Slavs of the west are tall and pale closer to the Scandinavian cool subarctic region, whereas the Slavs of the south are bordering the warm Mediterranean and Adriatic climates, making them also tall but typically darker. But this depends on what ethnic group you belong to in the southern region. The Carpathians Mountain Range divides the some of the West Slavs as well. The Poles and Czechs have lived side by side for 2000 years and the juxtaposition of each nation have greatly influenced the ways each of these related peoples have lived. The name Pole or â€Å"Polak† has come from the common Slavic word â€Å"Polje† meaning â€Å"field†. About 80 percent of Poland is meadows and pasture lands due to the flooding of the Bug and Vistula Rivers, creating a rich soil for farming and livestock. The Czechs on the other hand live on the other side of the Carpathians or rather in the mountains. Because it is land locked to rocky for agriculture, the Czechs rely more on industrialization. The Czech Republic is known for its main production exports of iron, chemical, and electronics. If the Carpathians did no exist, there might have been just one people rather than the different ethnic clans that it has forcibly subdivided. Although religions, languages, and geography have made big contributions in the differences of customs, beliefs, and physical characteristics, the Slav like all other ethnic tribes is still changing as we speak. Since their earliest ancestors migrated, spilt and settled in the regions they have settled, they are still moving and introducing new ideas and fractioning among themselves. But this can never be finished without following of people who determine the custom should be adopted or not.

10 Response Essay Topics on the Rite of Passage

10 Response Essay Topics on the Rite of Passage When a significant societal change arises in a person, it is known as the ‘Rite of Passage’. This is a kind of celebration so to speak, which marks the person leaving one group to enter another[1]. In this first guide, we’re discussing 10 facts on the rite of passage for a response essay that will help you to write a perfect one. Once you have read all the facts and determined which ones best suit your requirements, a second guide will assist you further with 20 topics on rites of passage and a sample essay from one of the topics to make it even easier to write a stellar and highly compelling response essay. Finally, the third and last guide will help you outline and shape your response essay to make it nice and presentable to your professor. In other words, our complete series will assist you in not only writing a response essay on the rite of passage, but also on how to improve it and make it stand out from your classmates’ essays: The Jewish people have a tradition where young boys and girls up to the age of 12 or 13 years gather in a ceremony where they celebrate Bar and Bat Mitzvahs. It’s a ceremony where these young individuals demonstrate their commitment towards the religion and their responsibility to follow Jewish laws. The ceremony is, however, held only after certain accomplishments have been met by these young people. These accomplishments are often based on learning and preparation for Bar and Bat Mitzvahs. In the Brazilian Amazon, the Satere Mawe have a special rite of passage where young boys of age 13 are tested to pass a test, which shows whether they are man enough or not. The ritual is actually very painful. These young boys have to endure agonizing pain and shouldnt show their weakness by crying out in pain or giving up. According to the rite of passage of the Satere Mawe tribe, this shows the boy’s readiness for manhood. This ritual continues for several months, making the boy wear a set of painful gloves, weaved with bullet ants, at least 20 times in his life. In Rumspringa, found in the Amish religion, young women who turn 16 are given the rights to enjoy their life freely and without any supervision. During this tradition, these women can wear modern clothing, drink alcohol as much as they like and do whatever they want to in order to experience what life has to offer beyond their religion and upbringing. It is their choice to either come back to the Amish religion or wander freely forever. However, they need to return back to be baptized and accepted by the community before they turn 26, which marks the end of Rumspringa. There are many areas in Central and South America where girls who turn 15, celebrate their Quinceanera; this is a catholic tradition where girls commit themselves to their family and faith, and renew their baptized vows. Once that is done, the tradition follows up with a ceremony where their friends and family dance and eat. In North Baffin Island, young boys and girls of the Inuit tribe go out in the wilderness with their fathers once they are 11 or 12 years old. According to this tradition, these teenagers test their hunting skills while adapting to the harsh arctic weather to become strong and adept as a survivor. A Shaman is called upon to be the medium between men and animals and open the line of communication[2]. Malaysia, which is a Muslim country, has its own rite of passage where young women of age 11 celebrate a specific ceremony, known as â€Å"Khatam al Quran†. In this ritual, Muslim girls recite the holy book â€Å"Quran† for several years to master its verses. When they turn 11, they demonstrate their maturity by reciting the last chapter before friends, relatives and family inside a local mosque. In some parts of China, when boys and girls turn 20, they are given a fun opportunity to wear traditional dresses and pay tribute to the Confucian lifestyle. These ceremonies are known as Guan Li (for boys) and Ji Li (for girls). The tradition for girls is rather complex than those of boys[3] . Girls have the opportunity to make hair buns, attach hair pins and pay tribute to the Chinese ancestor Huangdi. Similar to the Confucian tradition, Seijin-no-Hi is a tradition which is celebrated in Japan by young females who turn 20 years old. In this tradition, the women dress up in their traditional attire and attend a ceremony at local city offices where they receive gifts and party with friends and family. This tradition originated 1200 years ago and acknowledges the Japanese belief that at this age, the woman has reached maturity. In Vanuatu, there is a tradition where 7-year old boys are permitted to perform a land dive, similar to a bungee dive. However, there are no elastic cords that are found in a bungee dive. Instead, their ankles are tied to vines which lack elasticity. This could lead to broken bones, joint dislocation and even death. At first, young males are allowed to jump from a shorter tower where they mark the end of their childhood and during their growth, they jump from taller towers to show their adulthood, manhood and worthiness to be a part of the tribe. In Ethiopia there is a rite of passage performed just before marriage, similar to a bachelor party folks celebrate in the US, but very different in terms of tradition. In â€Å"Hamar Cow Jumping†, males must jump over a neutered cow at least four times and should be naked while performing the ritual. This symbolizes that they are leaving their childhood behind and once successful, they are considered men of the Maza. These Maza Men spend their next few months supervising this tradition throughout the Hamar territory. Well done! You have successfully read through 10 fascinating facts on the rite of passage on different regions and tribes. You should now be able to write a stellar response essay on this subject. Before you start writing though, we recommend having a look at our second guide where you check out 20 topics on the rite of passage and a sample response essay. References: Salkin, J. K. (2005). Putting God on the guest list: How to reclaim the spiritual meaning of your childs bar or bat mitzvah. Jewish Lights Publishing. Wright, J. (2012). From childhood to adulthood: Looking at rites of passage. British Journal of School Nursing, 7(3), 148-149. Shachtman, T. (2007, May 29). Rumspringa: To be or not to be Amish. Macmillan. Alvarez, J. (2007). Once upon a Quinceaà ±era: Coming of Age in the USA. Penguin. Guemple, L. (1986). Men and women, husbands and wives: The role of gender in traditional Inuit society. Études/Inuit/Studies, 9-24. Tamuri, A. H., Ismail, A. M., Noor, A. H. M., Pisol, M. I. M. (2013). Teachers evaluation on the implementation of j-QAF Quranic recitation models. International Journal of Islamic Thought (IJIT), 3, 1-17. Carrasco, R. (2009). Introduction to Ikebana: Seijin no hi–Kado Offerings for the Japanese Coming of Age Festival.

How to Draft a Lesson Plan in 6 Steps

How to Draft a Lesson Plan in 6 Steps Before students plan a lesson, they need to first identify the learning objectives for the class meeting for which they are planning, so they can design effective learning activities and create strategies for accomplishing these objectives. For those studying education, learning to write a lesson plan is a crucial skill because it will serve as a roadmap  for what their future students will need to learn during class time. HOW TO SAVE MONEY IN COLLEGE Before they plan a lesson, the students need to first identify the learning objectives for the class meeting for which they are planning, so they can design effective learning activities and create strategies for accomplishing these objectives. Below you will find 6 steps to follow if you want to write a successful lesson plan. Step 1 Outline the objectives. This helps to determine what the students need to learn or accomplish by the end of class. Answering these questions helps determine a teacher’s objectives: What is the topic of the lesson? What is it that I want students to understand or be able to do by the end of the class? What do the students need to take away from this lesson? What are the most important concepts, ideas, and skills the students need to grasp and apply? Step 2 Develop an interesting introduction. If possible, start with a question or activity to engage the students’ attention, because a creative introduction can stimulate their minds and encourage thinking. A variety of approaches can be used to accomplish this: a personal anecdote, historical event, thought-provoking dilemma, a real-world example, short video clips, a probing question, etc. One creating an introduction to a lesson plan may want to consider these questions: Is there a way to check if students are familiar with the topic? What could be these preconceived notions about this topic?   How can I introduce this topic? Step 3 Plan learning activities. There are several ways of conveying subject matter and teaching a lesson to students – such as using real-life examples, analogies, and certainly visuals. As these activities are being planned, one should estimate how much time they will have to spend on each activity so that every objective will be accomplished. Also, it helps to build in extra time in case an explanation or discussion is needed. The following questions will help one determine which activities are best for their lesson: How can I most effectively explain the topic?   What are the most creative, effective ways for me to best convey the topic to my students? How can this topic be engaging?   What can be incorporated into the lesson to help the students? What do the students need to do to truly grasp the topic? Step 4 Determine how to check for understanding – to see if the students learned what the lesson set out to teach. Crafting specific questions, as well anticipating the appropriate responses to them, either orally or in writing, is an effective way to confirm students’ understanding. Step 5 Develop a conclusion and a preview. An effective conclusion should summarize the points covered in class and also preview what will be covered in the next lesson – maybe even explaining how this lesson relates to the next. Step 6 Create a realistic timeline. Estimate how much time each activity will take, and plan extra time for each. Also, plan just a few minutes at the end of the  class to go over uncovered points or topics that may not have been understood by the students. Sum up the key points. PLANNING YOUR RESEARCH PROJECT If you study education and need to draft a plan for a lesson the above information will be quite useful to read and follow. If you have no time for writing a well-structured lesson plan you may inform us about your assignment or place an order on our website.

Mentoring programs Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Mentoring programs - Research Paper Example This particular kind of social work intervention is followed with similar programs all over the world. Both individuals and organizations involved in monitoring are supported with such organizations as MENTOR/National Mentoring Partnership and the National Mentoring Center. Furthermore, numerous corporations sponsor large-scale monitoring initiatives, which involve their employees. Mentoring programs are also supported by the government; in 2003 alone President George W. Bush donated half a billion dollars for two new mentoring initiatives (DuBois and Karcher, 2005). Recently, mentoring has been approved as a serious approach to rehabilitate criminal offenders and reduce rates of recidivism. Mentoring has appeared in several legislation documents, from the Reauthorization of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention of 1992 to the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Block Grant of 2005-2006 (Walker, 2007). In the reauthorization of the original document, the Congress added a part G, in which mentoring was described as a useful tool for addressing juvenile delinquency. Since 1995, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) has administered its own federal program, the Juvenile Mentoring Program (JUMP), designed to reduce juvenile delinquency, gang participation and school dropout rates. However, while the field of youth mentoring experiences enormous growth in terms of practice, it still lacks theoretical foundations and research, crucial for further growth and development (DuBois and Karcher, 2005). It was not until recent years that youth mentoring has gained interest from psychologists, sociologists, educators, human development specialists and social workers. While the multidisciplinary character of youth mentoring may be beneficial for the field's knowledge base, it also poses a significant challenge for both researchers and practitioners. Due to the disciplinary boundaries which limit researchers' regular exposure to their colleagues work, it may result difficult to identify opportunities for synergy within and across different areas for inquiry. Consequently, in many cases they can go undetected and unexplored (DuBois and Karcher, 2005). In terms of practice, the difficulty in acquiring "one-stop shopping" for definitive accounts and its implications may res ult in a compromised capacity for intervention and policy efforts to benefit from available theory and research.Given all these concerns, it is crucial for scholars to provide the fast-expanding and progressing practice of youth mentoring with both theoretical foundations and research base. Furthermore, in the light of a recent increase in juvenile violence and high recidivism rates, it is essential to design appropriate measures of prevention, treatment and control of crime (Cord, Widom and Crowell, 2001). The FBI data reveal that in 2001 juveniles comprised 17% of all arrests and 15% of those that involved violent crime. In many cases criminal activity in adolescence leads to such consequences in adult life as homelessness, substance abuse, and mental illness. Moreover, each juvenile offender that becomes a recidivist costs society approximately $1.7 to $ 2.3 million, not to mention great economic, medical, physical and psychological consequences for

Project Management and Ethics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Project Management and Ethics - Case Study Example In analysing ethics, this paper will discuss the ethical considerations in the nuclear development and use among the developed countries. The March 11, 2011 earthquake that hit Japan’s Fukushima 1 nuclear plant had adverse effects not only on the lives of the people, but also on the environment. The earthquake, the biggest to hit the country caught the government unawares. The repercussions of the earthquake were devastating. It affected at least 80,000 people within a 12-mile radius through displacements. Further, a considerable number perished from the events that took place during this period. Reports indicate that three months after the earthquake, the plant was still leaking radioactive material. Fuel rods in reactors 1,2 and 3 melted down causing damage to the containment structure, sparking a series of fires in the plant. Additionally, there was extensive damage in infrastructure. In analysing this case, the paper will consider ethical principles and values that could h ave helped in avoiding the events that occurred during this accident. Ethics for a long time has evolved with the evolution of the society. From the times of Confucius, different thinkers, philosophers and thinkers have made considerable contributions to the field of ethics. Because ethics define, elements that make something good or bad, different people have suggested different ways defining good or bad elements of something. Currently, different theories and principles focus on societal ethics. The humanitarianism theory holds the belief that the sole moral obligation of humankind is the improvement of human welfare (Abu-Sada 2012,  p. 85). Over time, evolution of this theory has taken into consideration the concern of other people’s welfare and concern for their safety and reduced level of victimization of people in the society. Developed with relation to the slavery in the United States, contemporary humanitarianisms hold that the

The company I have chosen to design database software for is called :: Computer Science

The company I have chosen to design database software for is called Multi-installations. They are a private limited company that specializes in the manufacture and installation of high tech security doors and screens. 1.1 Introduction The company I have chosen to design database software for is called Multi-installations. They are a private limited company that specializes in the manufacture and installation of high tech security doors and screens. They do many mail shots per month and send up to four brochures to any company/client within a specified department. The company have often made mistakes as to when they do a mail shot many companies receive the same brochure twice or receive a brochure that they do not require. 1.2 Investigation At the moment there is not a current computer based system in place. Although every time a mail shot is done the company logs this manually in a book and record what brochure was sent to which company. The current problem is that every time a mail shot is done someone must look through the books previous records to see if a particular brochure has been sent to that particular company. This is proving to be a long method as often the person checking the book misses out a company that has already been sent that particular brochure, and this results in the company loosing out as more brochure are used up, and the company receiving the brochure will simply be annoyed with the amount of brochure s receives from Multi-installations and simply throws them away. I asked the company the following questions: 1. What sort of manual system is there in place at the moment? 2. How is the data recorded when a new company needs to be sent a brochure? 3. How is the data stored and can it be accessed easily? 4. Is there a backup copy of your manual system? 5. What problems are you having with the current system? 6. What functions would you like the new database to perform? 7. Will the information in the database need to be protected that only specific people have access to it? 8. Do you think the new computerised system will save time and money? The main problem with the current manual system is that every time a new company is sent a brochure it must be logged in a book. This book contains lists of companies that have already been sent that specific brochure. The current user must look through all the lists to see if that company has been sent that specific brochure. 1.3 Requirements of the New System

Research Paper Essay

Pharmaceutical Companies, Intellectual Property, and the Global AIDS Epidemic This case is provided at the end of chapter 3 of your text (Luthans and Doh). After reading the case, and performing research on the topic, answer the following questions: 1.) Do pharmaceutical companies have a responsibility to distribute drugs for free or at low cost in developing countries? What are the main arguments for and against such an approach? 2.) What are the principal arguments of pharma companies who oppose making exception to IPR laws for developing countries? What are the arguments by NGOs and others for a differential treatment? 3.) What impact would you expect South Africa’s decision to levy duties on drug imports from Western nations to have on the international distribution of drugs to South Africa? 4.) In June 2002, the WTO extended the transition period during which least-developed countries (LDCs) had to provide patent protection for pharmaceuticals. In your opinion, do you think this is an appropriate change in policy, or a dangerous precedent? What could be some of the negative ramifications of this resolution? What about effects for other industries? 5.) Given the initiatives announced by global development and aid organizations and among pharmaceutical companies themselves, was it necessary to relax IPR rules in order to ensure that adequate supplies of AIDs medications would be available for distribution in the developing world? 6.) What role do MNCs have in providing funding or other assistance to international organizations such as the Global Fund? Present your answers using APA-format: Eight to ten pages, double-spaced, using 12-point Times New Roman font. Also, please be sure to cite all scholarly information paraphrased or quoted from your researched sources of information on the case topic. Finally, be sure to include a separate Reference Page on which you list all of your research information sources according to correct APA citation style, depending on the kind of source: book, chapter, published article, internet article, etc. Submit this assignment to your instructor in Learning Plan 6 via the Assignment Drop Box labeled Research Paper. This assignment is worth 275 points and will be graded based on the Writing Intensive Rubric. Be sure that your paper shows multiple revisions with improved focus and clear writing for a general audience. Please remember to check your paper against the criteria in the Writing Intensive Research Paper Rubric before submitting it (see link above in this paragraph). Also, please let your Instructor know if you have any questions at all regarding producing or submitting this Research Paper assignment as the course progresses.a